Satellite navigation
Safe and secure position determination using GNSS is of great and growing importance to society. It is therefore important that the reception of GNSS signals is not disturbed by other radio systems or intentional jamming of the signals.
There are several Global Navigation Satellite Service (GNSS) systems available in Norway; the most important are the American GPS (Global Positioning System), the European Galileo, and the Russian GLONASS (Globalnaja Navigatsionnaja Sputnikovaja Sistema). GNSS systems are based on satellites orbiting around 20,000 km above the Earth's surface. Due to the great distance to the satellites, the signal on the ground is very weak. In practice, a free view of the satellite is necessary.
GNSS amplifiers
For vehicles that need immediate access to position data, such as emergency vehicles parked in a garage without GNSS coverage, it is possible to use a GNSS amplifier (GNSS repeater). This equipment has an antenna installed outdoors that receives GNSS signals. The signal is amplified and transmitted on indoor antenna(s). A GNSS amplifier cannot be used for indoor navigation, as it only amplifies the signal received outside the building; in other words the position of the antenna installed outdoors.
Application for a GNSS amplifier
GNSS amplifiers can interfere with the reception of GNSS signals if they are not correctly designed, or are not installed as prescribed by the manufacturer of the equipment. Use of a GNSS amplifier therefore requires a frequency licence. We follow the recommendations in the ECC recommendation 10(02) document for applications for GNSS amplifiers.
Applications for GNSS amplifiers must be sent to firmapost@nkom.no.
GNSS pseudolite
A GNSS pseudolite mimics a GNSS satellite system so that it is possible to navigate indoors even if satellite signals cannot be received.
Application for GNSS pseudolite
Incorrect use and incorrect installation of pseudolites may cause interference for other GNSS users.
A licence from Nkom is therefore required for the use of such equipment.
Applications for GNSS pseudolites must be sent to firmapost@nkom.no.
Differential GPS
To improve the accuracy of satellite positioning systems, reference stations with a known position can be used. These reference stations measure the difference between the signal received from the GNSS satellites and the actual position, sending out a correction signal to GPS receivers that can receive it. This is used, among other things, for road construction.
In the General Authorisations Regulations, a total of six frequencies have been assigned for use by differential GPS. See Section 24 of the General Authorisations Regulations.